Injury or surgery can cause a patient’s skull to become deformed. Cranioplasty is a surgical procedure that involves filling the defect with bone from the patient or synthetic material. This procedure has both cosmetic and medical benefits, as it restores the normal shape of the skull and helps to prevent a complication called sunken scalp syndrome, also known as syndrome of the trephined. However, as with all implant procedures, it carries an increased risk of infection compared to other procedures.